![]() On his first visit to Chicago, Loos was immediately inspired by the new American skyscrapers and the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893. Living on the countryside made Loos admire America's rural culture, but he later traveled to New York and Chicago to explore American architecture. These jobs allowed Loos to move to the Philadelphia countryside with his uncle Benjamin, where he worked as a watchmaker. He started in New York and financially supported himself by working as a mason, a floor-layer, and a dish-washer. Post college, Loos traveled to the United States and stayed there from 1893 to 1896 in desire to live auspiciously and to learn about outside architecture. He additionally was acknowledged by many scholars and was treated highly in the architectural field due to his experience. For example, he could comprehend masonry and craftsman work and its impact on architecture. Loos' diverse educational background provided him with a vast skillset which proved to be useful. His enrollment however also sparked some of Loos' interests, joining a dueling club in college. Loos ultimately did not receive any academic degree due to his sporadic education pursuits, poor academics, and his enrollment to the Austrian military in 1889. He then returned to mechanics again at State Crafts School in Brünn in 1889, and changed to architecture by studying at Dresden University of Technology from 1890 - 1893. He then studied mechanics at the Royal and Imperial State Technical College in Liberec, but dropped to pursue building technology. In 1884, Loos began his studies at the Stiftsgymnasium Melk for only a few months after failing an exam. Loos attended several Gymnasium schools and sought a variety of programs. Young Adolf Loos had inherited his father's hearing impairment and was significantly handicapped by it throughout his life, contributing to his solitary character. His mother, Marie Loos, was a sculptor who later continued to carry on the stonemason business after her husband's death. His father Adolf Loos was a German stonemason who died when Loos was nine years old. Loos was born into a family of artisans on 10 December 1870 in Brno, in the Margraviate of Moravia region of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, today the eastern part of the Czech Republic. ![]() ![]() He passed away aged 62 on 23 August 1933 in Kalksburg near Vienna. Loos became a pioneer of modern architecture and contributed a body of theory and criticism of Modernism in architecture and design and developed the "Raumplan" (literally spatial plan) method of arranging interior spaces, exemplified in Villa Müller in Prague. Loos then went on to write many literary pieces including the satirical piece The Story of a Poor Rich Man and his most popular manifesto, Ornament and Crime, which advocated for smooth and clear surfaces in contrast to the lavish decorations of the fin de siècle, as well as the more modern aesthetic principles of the Vienna Secession, exemplified in his design of Looshaus, Vienna. After leaving his last university, Loos visited America and became strongly impacted by the Chicago School of Architecture, being inspired by the architect Louis Sullivan and his form follows function philosophy. With changing interests, Loos attended multiple colleges also due to his poor academics and his different desires, which proved to be useful by providing him a diverse skillset for architecture. Loos had three tumultuous marriages that all ended in divorce and was convicted as a pedophile in 1928. His lack of hearing contributed to his solitary personality. Loos later presented with his father's hearing impairment and other health-related issues. His almost deaf father, a stonemason, died when he was 9 and played a role in Loos' interest in arts and crafts. Loos was born in Brno to a family of sculptors and stonemasons. His controversial views and literary contributions sparked the establishment of the Vienna Secession movement and postmodernism. ![]() ![]() He was an inspiration to modernism and a widely-known critic of the Art Nouveau movement. Adolf Franz Karl Viktor Maria Loos ( German pronunciation: 10 December 1870 – 23 August 1933) was an Austrian architect, influential European theorist, and a polemicist of modern architecture. ![]()
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